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Compare Honduras (2001) - Trinidad and Tobago (2002)

Compare Honduras (2001) z Trinidad and Tobago (2002)

 Honduras (2001)Trinidad and Tobago (2002)
 HondurasTrinidad and Tobago
Administrative divisions 18 departments (departamentos, singular - departamento); Atlantida, Choluteca, Colon, Comayagua, Copan, Cortes, El Paraiso, Francisco Morazan, Gracias a Dios, Intibuca, Islas de la Bahia, La Paz, Lempira, Ocotepeque, Olancho, Santa Barbara, Valle, Yoro 8 counties, 3 municipalities*, and 1 ward**; Arima*, Caroni, Mayaro, Nariva, Port-of-Spain*, Saint Andrew, Saint David, Saint George, Saint Patrick, San Fernando*, Tobago**, Victoria
Age structure 0-14 years:
42.22% (male 1,381,823; female 1,322,684)

15-64 years:
54.21% (male 1,719,593; female 1,753,003)

65 years and over:
3.57% (male 108,271; female 120,678) (2001 est.)
0-14 years: 23% (male 136,807; female 131,177)


15-64 years: 70.2% (male 419,847; female 396,643)


65 years and over: 6.8% (male 35,146; female 44,104) (2002 est.)
Agriculture - products bananas, coffee, citrus; beef; timber; shrimp cocoa, sugarcane, rice, citrus, coffee, vegetables; poultry
Airports 119 (2000 est.) 6 (2001)
Airports - with paved runways total:
12

2,438 to 3,047 m:
3

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
4

under 914 m:
3 (2000 est.)
total: 3


over 3,047 m: 1


2,438 to 3,047 m: 1


1,524 to 2,437 m: 1 (2002)
Airports - with unpaved runways total:
107

1,524 to 2,437 m:
2

914 to 1,523 m:
21

under 914 m:
84 (2000 est.)
total: 3


914 to 1,523 m: 1


under 914 m: 2 (2002)
Area total:
112,090 sq km

land:
111,890 sq km

water:
200 sq km
total: 5,128 sq km


land: 5,128 sq km


water: 0 sq km
Area - comparative slightly larger than Tennessee slightly smaller than Delaware
Background Part of Spain's vast empire in the New World, Honduras became an independent nation in 1821. After two and one-half decades of mostly military rule, a freely elected civilian government came to power in 1982. During the 1980s, Honduras proved a haven for anti-Sandinista contras fighting the Marxist Nicaraguan Government and an ally to Salvadoran Government forces fighting against leftist guerrillas. The islands came under British control in the 19th century; independence was granted in 1962. The country is one of the most prosperous in the Caribbean thanks largely to petroleum and natural gas production and processing. Tourism, mostly in Tobago, is targeted for expansion and is growing.
Birth rate 31.94 births/1,000 population (2001 est.) 13.66 births/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Budget revenues:
$607 million

expenditures:
$411.9 million, including capital expenditures of $106 million (1999 est.)
revenues: $1.54 billion


expenditures: $1.6 billion, including capital expenditures of $117.3 million (1998) (1998)
Capital Tegucigalpa Port-of-Spain
Climate subtropical in lowlands, temperate in mountains tropical; rainy season (June to December)
Coastline 820 km 362 km
Constitution 11 January 1982, effective 20 January 1982; amended 1995 1 August 1976
Country name conventional long form:
Republic of Honduras

conventional short form:
Honduras

local long form:
Republica de Honduras

local short form:
Honduras
conventional long form: Republic of Trinidad and Tobago


conventional short form: Trinidad and Tobago
Currency lempira (HNL) Trinidad and Tobago dollar (TTD)
Death rate 5.52 deaths/1,000 population (2001 est.) 8.81 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Debt - external $5.4 billion (2000) $2.2 billion (2000 est.)
Diplomatic representation from the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Frank ALMAGUER

embassy:
Avenida La Paz, Apartado Postal No. 3453, Tegucigalpa

mailing address:
American Embassy, APO AA 34022, Tegucigalpa

telephone:
[504] 238-5114, 236-9320

FAX:
[504] 236-9037
chief of mission: Ambassador Roy L. AUSTIN


embassy: 15 Queen's Park West, Port-of-Spain


mailing address: P. O. Box 752, Port-of-Spain


telephone: [1] (868) 622-6371 through 6376


FAX: [1] (868) 628-5462
Diplomatic representation in the US chief of mission:
Ambassador Hugo NOE PINO

chancery:
Suite 4-M, 3007 Tilden Street NW, Washington, DC 20008

telephone:
[1] (202) 966-7702

FAX:
[1] (202) 966-9751

consulate(s) general:
Chicago, Houston, Los Angeles, Miami, New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, San Juan (Puerto Rico)

honorary consulate(s):
Boston, Detroit, and Jacksonville
chief of mission: Ambassador (vacant); Charge d'Affaires Mackisack LOGIE


chancery: 1708 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20036


telephone: [1] (202) 467-6490


FAX: [1] (202) 785-3130


consulate(s) general: Miami and New York
Disputes - international with respect to the maritime boundary in the Golfo de Fonseca, the ICJ referred to the line determined by the 1900 Honduras-Nicaragua Mixed Boundary Commission and advised that some tripartite resolution among El Salvador, Honduras, and Nicaragua likely would be required; the maritime boundary dispute with Nicaragua in the Caribbean Sea is before the ICJ none
Economic aid - recipient $557.8 million (1999) $24 million (1999 est.)
Economy - overview Honduras, one of the poorest countries in the Western Hemisphere, is banking on expanded trade privileges under the Enhanced Caribbean Basin Initiative and on debt relief under the Heavily Indebted Poor Countries (HIPC) initiative. While reconstruction from 1998's Hurricane Mitch is at an advanced stage, and the country has met most of its macroeconomic targets, it failed to meet the IMF's goals to liberalize its energy and telecommunications sectors. Economic growth has rebounded nicely since the hurricane and should continue in 2001. Trinidad and Tobago has earned a reputation as an excellent investment site for international businesses. A leading performer in the past 4 years has been the booming natural gas sector. Tourism is a growing sector, although not proportionately as important as in many other Caribbean islands. The expected recovery of the global economy, along with anticipated higher oil prices, are plus factors for 2002. Negative factors are persistent high unemployment and the political uncertainties following the contentious selection of a new government in December 2001.
Electricity - consumption 3.232 billion kWh (1999) 4.792 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - exports 0 kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - imports 145 million kWh (1999) 0 kWh (2000)
Electricity - production 3.319 billion kWh (1999) 5.153 billion kWh (2000)
Electricity - production by source fossil fuel:
44.71%

hydro:
55.29%

nuclear:
0%

other:
0% (1999)
fossil fuel: 100%


hydro: 0%


nuclear: 0%


other: 0% (2000)
Elevation extremes lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m

highest point:
Cerro Las Minas 2,870 m
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m


highest point: El Cerro del Aripo 940 m
Environment - current issues urban population expanding; deforestation results from logging and the clearing of land for agricultural purposes; further land degradation and soil erosion hastened by uncontrolled development and improper land use practices such as farming of marginal lands; mining activities polluting Lago de Yojoa (the country's largest source of fresh water) as well as several rivers and streams with heavy metals; severe Hurricane Mitch damage water pollution from agricultural chemicals, industrial wastes, and raw sewage; oil pollution of beaches; deforestation; soil erosion
Environment - international agreements party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands

signed, but not ratified:
none of the selected agreements
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Tropical Timber 83, Tropical Timber 94, Wetlands


signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements
Ethnic groups mestizo (mixed Amerindian and European) 90%, Amerindian 7%, black 2%, white 1% black 39.5%, East Indian (a local term - primarily immigrants from northern India) 40.3%, mixed 18.4%, white 0.6%, Chinese and other 1.2%
Exchange rates lempiras per US dollar - 15.1407 (December 2000), 15.1407 (2000), 14.5039 (1999), 13.8076 (1998), 13.0942 (1997), 12.8694 (1996) Trinidad and Tobago dollars per US dollar - 6.2466 (January 2002), 6.2332 (2001), 6.2998 (2000), 6.2989 (1999), 6.2983 (1998), 6.2517 (1997)
Executive branch chief of state:
President Carlos Roberto FLORES Facusse (since 27 January 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; First Vice President William HANDAL (since NA); Second Vice President Gladys CABALLERO de Arevalo (since NA); Third Vice President Hector Vidal CERRATO Hernandez (since NA)

head of government:
President Carlos Roberto FLORES Facusse (since 27 January 1998); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government; First Vice President William HANDAL (since NA); Second Vice President Gladys CABALLERO de Arevalo (since NA); Third Vice President Hector Vidal CERRATO Hernandez (since NA)

cabinet:
Cabinet appointed by president

elections:
president elected by popular vote for a four-year term; election last held 30 November 1997 (next to be held 25 November 2001)

election results:
Carlos Roberto FLORES Facusse elected president; percent of vote - Carlos Roberto FLORES Facusse (PL) 50%, Nora de MELGAR (PN) 40%, other 10%
chief of state: President George Maxwell RICHARDS (since 17 March 2003)


head of government: Prime Minister Patrick MANNING (since 24 December 2001)


cabinet: Cabinet appointed from among the members of Parliament


elections: president elected by an electoral college, which consists of the members of the Senate and House of Representatives, for a five-year term; election last held 14 February 2003 (next to be held NA 2006); the president usually appoints as prime minister the leader of the majority party in the House of Representatives


election results: George Maxwell RICHARDS elected president; percent of electoral college vote - 43%
Exports $2 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $4.1 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Exports - commodities coffee, bananas, shrimp, lobster, meat; zinc, lumber petroleum and petroleum products, chemicals, steel products, fertilizer, sugar, cocoa, coffee, citrus, flowers
Exports - partners US 35.4%, Germany 7.5%, El Salvador 6.4%, Guatemala 5.8%, Nicaragua 4.8% (1999) US 45.9%, Caricom countries 26.1%, Latin America 9.5%, EU 5.7% (1999)
Fiscal year calendar year 1 October - 30 September
Flag description three equal horizontal bands of blue (top), white, and blue with five blue five-pointed stars arranged in an X pattern centered in the white band; the stars represent the members of the former Federal Republic of Central America - Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, and Nicaragua; similar to the flag of El Salvador, which features a round emblem encircled by the words REPUBLICA DE EL SALVADOR EN LA AMERICA CENTRAL centered in the white band; also similar to the flag of Nicaragua, which features a triangle encircled by the word REPUBLICA DE NICARAGUA on top and AMERICA CENTRAL on the bottom, centered in the white band red with a white-edged black diagonal band from the upper hoist side
GDP purchasing power parity - $17 billion (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $10.6 billion (2001 est.)
GDP - composition by sector agriculture:
16.2%

industry:
31.9%

services:
51.9% (1999 est.)
agriculture: 2%


industry: 43%


services: 55% (2000 est.)
GDP - per capita purchasing power parity - $2,700 (2000 est.) purchasing power parity - $9,000 (2001 est.)
GDP - real growth rate 5% (2000 est.) 4% (2001 est.)
Geographic coordinates 15 00 N, 86 30 W 11 00 N, 61 00 W
Geography - note - Pitch Lake, on Trinidad's southwestern coast, is the world's largest natural reservoir of asphalt
Highways total:
15,400 km

paved:
3,126 km

unpaved:
12,274 km (1999 est.)
total: 8,320 km


paved: 4,252 km


unpaved: 4,068 km (1996)
Household income or consumption by percentage share lowest 10%:
1.2%

highest 10%:
42.1% (1996)
lowest 10%: NA%


highest 10%: NA%
Illicit drugs transshipment point for drugs and narcotics; illicit producer of cannabis, cultivated on small plots and used principally for local consumption; corruption is a major problem; vulnerable to money laundering transshipment point for South American drugs destined for the US and Europe; producer of cannabis
Imports $2.8 billion (f.o.b., 2000 est.) $3.5 billion f.o.b. (2001 est.)
Imports - commodities machinery and transport equipment, industrial raw materials, chemical products, fuels, foodstuffs machinery, transportation equipment, manufactured goods, food, live animals
Imports - partners US 47.1%, Guatemala 7.4%, El Salvador 5.9%, Mexico 4.8%, Japan 4.7% (1999) US 39.8%, Venezuela 11.9%, EU 11%, Caricom 4.8% (1999)
Independence 15 September 1821 (from Spain) 31 August 1962 (from UK)
Industrial production growth rate 4% (1999 est.) 4.2% (2001) (2001)
Industries sugar, coffee, textiles, clothing, wood products petroleum, chemicals, tourism, food processing, cement, beverage, cotton textiles
Infant mortality rate 30.88 deaths/1,000 live births (2001 est.) 24.2 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.)
Inflation rate (consumer prices) 11% (2000 est.) 5.6% (2001 est.)
International organization participation BCIE, CACM, ECLAC, FAO, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Intelsat, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, LAES, LAIA (observer), MINURSO, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, PCA, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO ACP, C, Caricom, CCC, CDB, ECLAC, FAO, G-24, G-77, IADB, IBRD, ICAO, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ISO, ITU, LAES, NAM, OAS, OPANAL, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNU, UPU, WCL, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTrO
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) 8 (2000) 17 (2000)
Irrigated land 740 sq km (1993 est.) 30 sq km (1998 est.)
Judicial branch Supreme Court of Justice or Corte Suprema de Justicia (judges are elected for four-year terms by the National Congress) Supreme Court of Judicature (comprised of the High Court of Justice and the Court of Appeals; the chief justice is appointed by the president on the advice of the prime minister and the leader of the opposition; other justices are appointed by the president on the advice of the Judicial and Legal Service Commission); High Court of Justice; Court of Appeals the highest court of appeal is the Privy Council in London
Labor force 2.3 million (1997 est.) 564,000 (2000) (2000)
Labor force - by occupation agriculture 29%, industry 21%, services 50% (1998 est.) construction and utilities 12%, manufacturing, mining, and quarrying 14%, agriculture 10%, services 64% (1997 est.)
Land boundaries total:
1,520 km

border countries:
Guatemala 256 km, El Salvador 342 km, Nicaragua 922 km
0 km
Land use arable land:
15%

permanent crops:
3%

permanent pastures:
14%

forests and woodland:
54%

other:
14% (1993 est.)
arable land: 14.62%


permanent crops: 9.16%


other: 76.22% (1998 est.)
Languages Spanish, Amerindian dialects English (official), Hindi, French, Spanish, Chinese
Legal system rooted in Roman and Spanish civil law with increasing influence of English common law; recent judicial reforms include abandoning Napoleonic legal codes in favor of the oral adversarial system; accepts ICJ jurisdiction, with reservations based on English common law; judicial review of legislative acts in the Supreme Court; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction
Legislative branch unicameral National Congress or Congreso Nacional (128 seats; members are elected proportionally to the number of votes their party's presidential candidate receives to serve four-year terms)

elections:
last held on 30 November 1997 (next to be held 25 November 2001)

election results:
percent of vote by party - PL 46%, PN 38%, PINU-SD 4%, PDC 2%, PUD 2%; seats by party - PL 67, PN 55, PINU-SD 3, PDC 2, PUD 1
bicameral Parliament consists of the Senate (31 seats; members appointed by the president for a maximum term of five years) and the House of Representatives (36 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)


elections: House of Representatives - last held 7 October 2002 (next to be held by October 2007)


election results: House of Representatives - percent of vote - PNM 55.5%, UNC 44.5%; seats by party - PNM 20, UNC 16


note: Tobago has a unicameral House of Assembly, with 15 members serving four-year terms
Life expectancy at birth total population:
69.35 years

male:
67.51 years

female:
71.28 years (2001 est.)
total population: 68.59 years


male: 66.04 years


female: 71.25 years (2002 est.)
Literacy definition:
age 15 and over can read and write

total population:
72.7%

male:
72.6%

female:
72.7% (1995 est.)
definition: age 15 and over can read and write


total population: 94% (2000)


male: 95.9% (1999)


female: 91.7% (1999)
Location Middle America, bordering the Caribbean Sea, between Guatemala and Nicaragua and bordering the North Pacific Ocean, between El Salvador and Nicaragua Caribbean, islands between the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, northeast of Venezuela
Map references Central America and the Caribbean Central America and the Caribbean
Maritime claims contiguous zone:
24 NM

continental shelf:
natural extension of territory or to 200 NM

exclusive economic zone:
200 NM

territorial sea:
12 NM
measured from claimed archipelagic baselines


contiguous zone: 24 NM


continental shelf: 200 NM or to the outer edge of the continental margin


exclusive economic zone: 200 NM


territorial sea: 12 NM
Merchant marine total:
313 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 760,819 GRT/820,582 DWT

ships by type:
bulk 21, cargo 187, chemical tanker 7, container 4, livestock carrier 2, passenger 2, passenger/cargo 4, petroleum tanker 52, refrigerated cargo 17, roll on/roll off 8, short-sea passenger 5, specialized tanker 2, vehicle carrier 2

note:
includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Russia 4, Singapore 2, Vietnam 1 (2000 est.)
total: 3 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 5,910 GRT/7,546 DWT


ships by type: cargo 2, petroleum tanker 1


note: includes a foreign-owned ship registered here as a flag of convenience: United States 1 (2002 est.)
Military branches Army, Navy (includes Marines), Air Force Trinidad and Tobago Defense Force (including Ground Force, Coast Guard, and Air Wing), Trinidad and Tobago Police Service
Military expenditures - dollar figure $35 million (FY99) $90 million (1999)
Military expenditures - percent of GDP 0.6% (FY99) 1.4% (1999)
Military manpower - availability males age 15-49:
1,515,101 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 347,831 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service males age 15-49:
902,220 (2001 est.)
males age 15-49: 248,324 (2002 est.)
Military manpower - military age 18 years of age -
Military manpower - reaching military age annually males:
72,335 (2001 est.)
-
National holiday Independence Day, 15 September (1821) Independence Day, 31 August (1962)
Nationality noun:
Honduran(s)

adjective:
Honduran
noun: Trinidadian(s), Tobagonian(s)


adjective: Trinidadian, Tobagonian
Natural hazards frequent, but generally mild, earthquakes; damaging hurricanes and floods along Caribbean coast outside usual path of hurricanes and other tropical storms
Natural resources timber, gold, silver, copper, lead, zinc, iron ore, antimony, coal, fish, hydropower petroleum, natural gas, asphalt
Net migration rate -2.12 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2001 est.) -10.02 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.)
Pipelines - crude oil 1,032 km; petroleum products 19 km; natural gas 904 km
Political parties and leaders Christian Democratic Party or PDC [Efrain DIAZ Arrivillaga, president]; Democratic Unification Party or PUD [Marias FUNES Valladares, president]; Liberal Party or PL [Carlos Roberto FLORES Facusse, president]; National Innovation and Unity Party-Social Democratic Party or PINU-SD [Olban VALLADARES, president]; National Party of Honduras or PN [Carlos URBIZO, president] National Alliance for Reconstruction or NAR [Hochoy CHARLES]; People's Empowerment Party or PEP [leader NA]; People's National Movement or PNM [Patrick MANNING]; Team Unity or TUN [Ramesh MAHARAJ]; United National Congress or UNC [Basdeo PANDAY]
Political pressure groups and leaders Committee for the Defense of Human Rights in Honduras or CODEH; Confederation of Honduran Workers or CTH; Coordinating Committee of Popular Organizations or CCOP; General Workers Confederation or CGT; Honduran Council of Private Enterprise or COHEP; National Association of Honduran Campesinos or ANACH; National Union of Campesinos or UNC; Popular Bloc or BP; United Federation of Honduran Workers or FUTH Jamaat-al Musilmeen [Yasin BAKR]
Population 6,406,052

note:
estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2001 est.)
1,163,724 (July 2002 est.)
Population below poverty line 53% (1993 est.) 21% (1992 est.)
Population growth rate 2.43% (2001 est.) -0.52% (2002 est.)
Ports and harbors La Ceiba, Puerto Castilla, Puerto Cortes, San Lorenzo, Tela, Puerto Lempira Pointe-a-Pierre, Point Fortin, Point Lisas, Port-of-Spain, Scarborough, Tembladora
Radio broadcast stations AM 241, FM 53, shortwave 12 (1998) AM 2, FM 12, shortwave 0 (1998)
Radios 2.45 million (1997) 680,000 (1997)
Railways total:
595 km

narrow gauge:
349 km 1.067-m gauge; 246 km 0.914-m gauge (1999)
minimal agricultural railroad system near San Fernando; common carrier railway service was discontinued in 1968 (2001)
Religions Roman Catholic 97%, Protestant minority Roman Catholic 29.4%, Hindu 23.8%, Anglican 10.9%, Muslim 5.8%, Presbyterian 3.4%, other 26.7%
Sex ratio at birth:
1.05 male(s)/female

under 15 years:
1.04 male(s)/female

15-64 years:
0.98 male(s)/female

65 years and over:
0.9 male(s)/female

total population:
1 male(s)/female (2001 est.)
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female


under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female


15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female


65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female


total population: 1.04 male(s)/female (2002 est.)
Suffrage 18 years of age; universal and compulsory 18 years of age; universal
Telephone system general assessment:
inadequate system

domestic:
NA

international:
satellite earth stations - 2 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); connected to Central American Microwave System
general assessment: excellent international service; good local service


domestic: NA


international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean); tropospheric scatter to Barbados and Guyana
Telephones - main lines in use 234,000 (1997) 252,000 (1999)
Telephones - mobile cellular 14,427 (1997) 17,411 (1997)
Television broadcast stations 11 (plus 17 repeaters) (1997) 4 (1997)
Terrain mostly mountains in interior, narrow coastal plains mostly plains with some hills and low mountains
Total fertility rate 4.15 children born/woman (2001 est.) 1.8 children born/woman (2002 est.)
Unemployment rate 28% (2000 est.) 11.8% (2001) (2001)
Waterways 465 km (navigable by small craft) none
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